Kya hai Copyright ? What is Copyright ? Copyright ke ullanghan par sja kya hai ? -What is the punishment on Copyright Infringement ?

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Namaskar Dosto,
Aap sabhi ka swagat hai is lawyerguruji blog par, jahana aapko kanoon ke bare mein post padhne ( read) ko milte hai. yaha mein rojana nayi nayi kanoon se sambandhit janakri likhta rhta hu.
 Copyright kanoon ko samjhne se pahle aap sabhi ko samjhna hoga ki Copyright hota kya hai?

Kya hai Copyright ? ( What is Copyright ?)
Copyright jo ki ek intelectual property hoti hai us vyakti ki jo kisi chej ki rachna ( creation) karta hai apni budhhi (mind) ke anusar karta hai. Is rachna ya uske important part ka kisi bhi roop mein istemal karne ka adhikar hi copyright hai.
Copyright ko hum or asan word mein samjh sakte hai,  jo ki ek original writer ko uske dwara likhe gayi book ko publish, disrtibute aur ek certain time ke liye ek special right deti hai.

Copyright kisi chej ke description mein hai, Jese koi vyakti accha Gana likhta hai, Ek motivational story likhta hai, Ya koi vyakti ek acchi paintng draw karta hai, To aise ki gayi har ek rachn mein apka adhikar hoga ki kewal aap hi usko publish kar sakte hai, distribute kar sakte hai aur sale kar sakte hai aisa isliye kyoki ye rachna apke dwara ki gayi hai. Aur aisi har rachna mein apka Copyright hai.

Apke dwara ki gayi rachna ka koi bhi vyakti apki  anumati (permision) ke bina koi ise use nahi kar sakta. Us vyakti par pratibandh lag jata hai ki vah apki anumati ke bina na hi usay publish kar sakta hai, Distribute nahi kar sakta aur uski copy bna kar sale bhi nahi  kar sakta hai.

Copyright ke under kya aa sakta hai ?

1. Saahityik Rachna (Literary Composition). 
2. Natya Rachna (Theatrical Composition). 
3. Sangeet Rachna (Music Composition).
4. Kalaatmak Rachna ( Artistic Composition).
5. Chalachitr Rachna  ( Movie Composition).
6. Dhvani Recording ( Sound Recording).

"Sab Chalta hai" Aisa kahna aur Copyright ka ullanghan (violation) kiya jana mahnga padh sakta hai.  Isse bachne ke liye apko iske kanoon ke bare mein malum hona chahiye.

 Bharat mein Copyright ki shuruwat kaise hui ? (Copyright In India.)

Bharat mein copyright ki shuruwat  Indian Copyright Act 1914 se hui, jo us tjme England mein prachlit (popular) English law Copyright Act 1911(UK) mein mamuli herfer (manipulation) ke sath banaya gya tha.  Jab India Ajad hua to uske bad Copyright par ek complete or Independent kanoon ki jarurat hui. Broadcasting or litho photography jese naye modern communication medium or Indian Government dwara Approved International Liabalities ke Subsistence ke liye Parliament mein Copyright ke liye bill pesh kiya aur usay Copyright Act 1957 pass kiya gya. 

Copyright Shuru kab hota hai? ( When Copyright is started)

 Copyright kisi bhi rachna( creation) ke taiyar ho jane par pahle publication ke sath hi shuru ho jati hai.Iske registration ki vese koi khas jarurat nahi hoti par iska registration karvana iske protection ke liye jaruri hai. Taki koi aur vyakti apki rachna ko apne nam par publish, Distribute ya sale na kar sake. Yadi vah aisa chaheta hai to pahle original writer se uske publication, distribution aur sale ke liye permision jarur le.

Kiska kitna haq hota hai Copyright mein?

Indian mein copyright ka ownership kewal us rachna ka original writer hi hota hai.

Yadi koi vyakti dusre vyakti ya company ke sath contract ya uski condition ke adhar par kam karta huye koi rachna karta hai, To us rachna par pahla right us company ka hoga jis company ke liye  wah contract par kam karta hai.

Kitne saal tak copyrightk ka adhikar  bna rhta hai? ( For how long does copyright remain?) 

1. Kisi bhi rachna mein copyright ka right us rachna ke lekhak (writer) ki mrityu (death) ke agle calendar year ki shuruwat se lekar 60 year's tak bna rhta hai.
2. Photography, Film, Sound Recording, Computer Programs, Architectural artwork, Government work, International works mein copoyright ka right rachna ke publication se 60 years tak hi rahta hai.

Kab copyright ka right samapt ho jata hai.? (When Copyright right are terminated ?)

 Copyright Act 1957 ke anusar bataye gaye Copyright period ke over hone par joki 60 year hai. Jab yah time period samapt (end) ho jata hai to copyright right bhi samapt ho jata hai aur vah rachna public domian mein chali jati hai,
Tab us rachna ka istemal koi bhi kar sakta hai.

Copyright ka ullanghan kab hota hai ? ( When a Copyright is infringed ?)

1. Yadi kisi vyakti ne copyright owner ki permision ke bina ya copyright registration se licence liye bina rachna ka istemal karta hai ya licence ki terms and conditions ka ullanghan karta hai.
2. Copyright ke owner ki permision ke bina uski copy bna kar sale karta hai.
3. Copyright ke owner ki permision ke bina uski rachna ko publish karta hai, Distribute karta hai.
4. Us rachna ka is prakar se publication karna ki orinigal owner prabhavit hota hai.

Copyright ke ullanghan par sja kya hai ? ( What is the punishment on Copyright Infringement ?)

Copyright ke ullanghan ko rokne ke liye injunction prapt karne ke liye, Compensation, aur kai kam ke liye civil suit kiye ja sakte hai.

Yadi koi bhi vyakti Copyright ka ullangahan mein doshi paya jata hai to us vyakti ko 3 saal ki jail aur jurmane bhi bharna hoga.