Hindu Marriage Act 1955,ke anusar divorce ke adhar-Ground for divorce under the Hindu marriage Act 1955

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THE HINDU MARRIAGE ACT 1955.

Hindu Marriage Act 1955, anusar Divorce ke adhar. ( Ground for Divorce under the Hindu Marriage Act 1955).

The Hindu Marriage Act 1955, ke lagu hone se pahle ya baad me, Pati ya patni ke dwara dayar ki gyi yachika par ,talaq ki ek decree dwara kisi ek valid aadhaar par is vivaah ko bhang kiya ja sakta hai.
Talaq me ek shadi shuda joda kisi ek aadhaar par alag hone ke liye court me shadi ke vichedan (dissolution) ke liye ek avedan prastut kar sakta hai ya kar sakti hai. Yadi pati talaq lena chah raha hai to use yah batana hoga ki kis adhar ( Ground) par vah talaq ki arji court me pesh kar rha hai , yahi bat Patni par bhi laagu hoti hai ki yadi vah talaq lena chahti hai to use talaq dene ka adhar batana hoga yah dono ke liye jaruri hai.

Talaq ki yachika kab dayar ki jati hai. ( When  petition is file for divorce? )
The Hindu Marriage Act 1955, ke anusar shadi ke 1 saal bad hi talaq ke liye yachika court me dayar ki ja sakti hai, isse pahle nahi ki ja sakti hai.

Hindu Marriage Act 1955, ki dhara(section) 13 ke antargat talaq ke kuch adhar bataye gaye hai, jo ki kuch is prakar hai :-

1. Vyabhichar (Adultery). 
2. Krurta (Cruelty).
3. Parityag (Desertion).
4. Parivartan (Conversion).
5.  Mansik Vikar (Mental disorder).
6. kusth Rog(Leprosy).
7. Yon rog (Venereal disease.)
8.  Jivit rahne ki khabar nahi sunna (Not heard to live.)
9.  Tyag dena ya Sanyasi ban jana. (Renunciation) .

1.Vyabhichar (Adultery). 

Vyabhichar se matlab ek aise kritya se hai yadi shadi shuda jode me se koi bhi , chahe vah Pati ho Ya Patni ho yadi ve kisi anya Purush ya mahila ke sath sharirik sambandh banate hai ya sexual intercourse karte hai to yah vyabhichar hi mana jayega. 

 Vyabhichar ek gambhir apradhik apradh ke rup me gina jata hai aur ise sabit karne ke liye paryapt sakshyo ki jarurat hoti hai . !976 me huye ek sanshodhan ( Amendment) yah kaha gya ki yachika karta ko talaq lene ke liye vyabhichar ka ek hi karya paryapt hai.

2.Krurta (Cruelty).

Pati aur Patni dono krurta ( Cruelty ) ke adhar par talaq ke liye yachika Court me dayar kar sakte hai. Yadi Patni ya Pati dwara koi aisa karya kiya jata hai jiske karan se mansik aur sharirik chati (injury) pahuchi hai jiska bura prabhav inke swasth aur ango ke liye khatre ( danger) ka karan banta hai to is adhar par talaq liya ja sakta hai. kuch udahran hai jaise ki -
Bhojan se vanchit kiya ja raha hai , Dahej ke liye satana, Bimari me upchar na karana, Vcrit yon kritya aadi krurta ke antargat shamil hai.

3.Parityag (Desertion).

Yadi Pati ya Patni ke dwara ek dusre ki apsi sahmati se 2 saal ki avadi se chodha hua hai to , chodhe huye pati ya patni dwara talaq ke liye ek arji dayar kar sakte hai.

4.Parivartan (Conversion).

Yadi Pati ya patni me se koi bhi apne ko dusre dharm mein parivartit kar leta hai to is adhar par bhi talaq ke liye court me ek arji dayaki ja sakti hai.
Yadi Patni apna dharm parivartan karti hai to pati is adhar par talaq ke liye arji dayar kar sakta hai.
Yadi Pati apna dharm parivartan karta hai to uski patni is adhar apr talaq ke liye arji dayar kar sakti hai.

5. Mansik Vikaar (Mental disorder).
Mansik vikaar bhi talaq lene ke liye ek adhar ban sakta hai. yadi pati ya patni me se koi bhi mansik vikaar se pidhit hai to is adhar par talaq le sakte hai.
Yadi yachika karta ki patni kisi aise mansik viakr se pidhit hai jo ki asadhya hai jiska koi ilaj sambhav nahi hai to ve talaq lw sakte hai , kyoki is jode ke sath rahne ki asha nahi ki ja sakti hai.
Yadi yachika karta ka pati  kisi aise mansik viakr se pidhit hai jo ki asadhya hai jiska koi ilaj sambhav nahi hai to ve talaq le sakte hai.

Mansik vikar ek aisa rog hai jiske thik hone ki sambhavna bahut kam hoti hai aise me pati ya patni jo bhi is vikar se pidhit hai ve ek dusre ke sath nahi rah sakte hai. iske kai karan hai jaise:-
Ek dusre ki bat ko thik se na samjh pana.
Kisi karya ko thik se pura na kar sakna.

6.kusth Rog(Leprosy).

Kusth rog ek asia jahrila aur asadhya rog hai jiske puri tarah se thik hone ki sambhavna bahut kam hoti hai. Yadi pati ya patni me se koi bhi is gambhir rog se grasit hai to vah is rog ke adhar par ek yachika ke madhyam se court ke dwara talaq le sakta hai.

7.Yon rog (Venereal disease.)
Yon rog bhi talaq lene ka ek adhar ban gya hai. Yadi pati ya patni me se koi bhi is gambhir bimari se pidhit hai jo ki yah asani se failti hai , to is gambhir bimari ke adhar par pati ya patni dono  me se koi bhi is adhar par talaq le sakta hai.
Jaise AIDS ko ek yon rog ki bimari kaha jata hai jo ki ye ek vyakti se dusre vyakti ke sampark ane me asani failti hai .

8. Jivit rahne ki khabar nahi sunna (Not heard to live.)
Yadi pati ya patni me se kisi ki bhi khabar 7 sal ki avadhi tak nahi milti hai ki vah jivit hai ya nahi to , aisi dasha me use ajivit man liya jata hai aur court me ek yachika dayar kar is adhar par talaq liya ja sakta hai. Yadi ve dusre riste me ruchi rakhte hai to.

9.  Tyag dena ya Sanyasi ban jana. (Renunciation) .
Yadi patni ya pati dwara ek dusre ko tyag dena ya dono me se kisi ek ne sanyas le liya hai ya kisi anya dharm ko apna kar is sansarik maya moh ko tyag kar  sanyasi ban jata hai hai ya ban jati hai to usme se jisne tyag ya sanyas nahi liya hai vah is adhar apr talaq ki arji dayar kar  sakta hai.

India me talaq ke kuch nimnlikhit adhar hai jin par kewal mahilaye hi court me petition kar talaq le sakti hai.

1. Yadi kisi patni ka pati kisi rape  ke mamle me ya kamukta jaise apradh me shamil hai to uski patni is adhar par usse talaq le sakti hai.
2. Yadi shadi hindu vivah adhiniyam se pahle hui hai aur patni ke zinda rehne ke bawjood bhi pati dusri shadi kar leta hai to pati talaq ke liye arji dayar kar sakti hai.
3. Yadi patni aur pati ke bich me 1 saal tak koi sharirik sambandh nahi bana hai aur adalat dwara shope gaye rakh rakhav ke fiasle ki avhelna  pati dwara ki jati hai to, patni dwara talaq ke liye arji dayar ki ja sakti hai.